Understanding haematology requires knowledge of physiology, insight into pathogenesis and essential pathological processes, laboratory tests (with their limitations and strengths), and clinical medicine. For diagnosis of a haematological disease, integration of clinical examination findings and haematological tests is necessary and final evaluation and judgement has to come from co-ordination between the pathologist and the clinician. Essentials of haematology is an effort to make understanding of haematology easier so that it will facilitate learning by students and help them solve haematological problems in their clinical practice.