This is a book written by a head of state and head of government when in office and first published in 1967. It is at once an autobiography of former President Mohammad Ayub Khan of Pakistan, and also a description of the major events in the history of Pakistan in which the author participated, and of the problems which the country continue to faces. President Ayub describes his village upbringing in the northwest of undivided India, his years at Aligarh University and Sandhurst in England, and his service in the British-Indian army before and during the Second World War.
The book presents an assessment of the politics pursued in Bangladesh during its initial years and argues that the crisis Bangladesh faces today is the result of the socio-economic and political measures taken by the Awami League government and Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. In the course of his assessment he has examined the political compulsion and contradictions which led the regime to go for a one-party rule. The ruling party’s treatment of the freedom fighters, the so-called collaborators and the army as an institution are seen as examples which had bleeding effect on the body politic of the newly achieved country.
The analytical contents of most of the studies tend to ignore the substantive fact that the civil servants operate in a given environment and to the extent that the environment is less than congenial, the expected outcome is bound to be less than satisfactory. Little or no attention was paid in the research efforts to take a holistic view in terms of conditions that make the civil service professionally effective for desirable policy outcomes in governance.
This book is based on my PhD work. In conducting the research I acknowledge gratefully the cooperation of a number of individuals. First I express my debt of gratitude to Professor Emajuddin Ahamed, former Vice-Chancellor of Dhaka University, who offered me his kind guidance. My indebtedness is due to my colleagues at Jahangirnagar University for their sincere cooperation and valuable suggestions. I am also appreciative of the help of Professor Abu Taher Mojumder. I am thankful to Jahangirnagar University for granting me permission to pursue my research.
Non-dogmatic historians are always uncomfortable with the issue of how it all began - the defined hour of beginning. This is understandable, for beginning can only invite trouble in comprehension. But my argument here has been that it serves political history little by avoiding the moment of beginning. By eschewing the complications we forego the task of grappling with the phenomenon itself. The task is to delve into it and show that beginning had all that was to appear later, in fact what was considered as origin was actually the structure, visible as only origin, where the elements were arranged in a way as to appear collectively as beginning.
In the meantime, other changes need to be taken into cognizance. One is that the dichotomy between traditional and non-traditional security issues has become blurred to a large extent. What we see today is a continuum, with nontraditional and traditional issues forming two ends on a spectrum, and the transition from one to the other is indeed subtle. More noticeable is the second change, that is, the irrelevance of traditional tools of conflict management and resolution like third party mediation and problem solving approaches. Although we are talking about a new world order and cooperative security,
This book is a detailed study to establish Bengali Language Movement which awakened the identity and distinction of the people of the then East Bengal/Pakistan. This movement, as most people know, ultimately resulted in the crystallization of Bengali nationalism, and finally the struggle for freedom of the Eastern part of Pakistan. The book substantiates the various aspects of the themes illustrating the indomitable will of the Bengalis for an independent home of their own. The author has examined the ebb and flow of the movement and connected it to the general dynamics of Pakistan's politics along with its consequent impact on national integration. He has finally shown how the language movement and the war of liberation became an indivisible part of a single evolutionary movement. One of the unique features of the study is the biographical sketches of some of the eminent activists/actors of the language movement and the war of liberation. A list such as this can hardly be found together anywhere else. The names of these champions would have otherwise fallen victim to the inexorable processes of time and lost in the oblivion.
The revisionist history denies the secular basis of our national identity and distorts the historical process which led to our independence. The revisionists revive the atavistic communal nationalism whose utility had ended with the departure of the British colonial rule. They re-write the war of independence as military engagement primarily and deny or denigrate the role of the people. The revisionist history does enormous disservice to the nation: it stunts the articulation of democracy based on the sovereignty of the people and encourages resurgence of communal politics. Militant fundamentalism and authoritarianism are the worst consequences of revisionist history and resurgence of communal politics.
Among my personal list of urgent institutional and structural reforms, are three sets of targets. With attention to these targets, we can build a platform for stability and compromise, by establishing fair, transparent and accountable governance and improving human security, rule of law, and respect for the individual. The first set of targets aims at replacing, gradually and over time, Andolan politics with responsive and responsible government based on functioning political institutions.
However, some changes in the attitude and behavior of the donors toward parliament can be noticed in recent years. A part of democracy assistance is now almost being routinely earmarked for strengthening parliament. In absolute terms, the increase can be seen as significant, although the share of parliament assistance of the total democracy aid budget still remains negligible. Moreover, parliament development programs now span the globe. More governments and organizations, as explained in a subsequent section,
I would like to take this opportunity to acknowledge here the support of the members of my family and friends in the completion of this project. My wife, Nargis, and son-in-law, Shumon, shoulder some credit in offering criticism on some political issues from the point of view of an expatriate of Bangladesh origin. Our daughters, Verna and Mona, have checked the language of several articles with interest.
However, the foundation of the All India Muslim League (AIML) in 1906 in Dhaka was a landmark in Muslim politics in India as well as in Bengal. Although for three decades from its inception the League remained an elitist body, it was the first attempt to organise an all-India Muslim political community. Except for certain years, a provincial League was in existence in Bengal throughout the period. The following is an attempt to make a brief study of the nature and activity of the Bengal Muslim League. The study will further focus on aspects such as its stages of growth, the nature of its leadership and its relationships with the parent all-India body (i.e. AIML) and other parties in Bengal, always bringing out the policy dilemma fragmenting the Bengali Muslim community. The whole 1906-1936 period is divided into five phases.
General Ziaur Rahman spent the last day of his life in Chittagong trying to clean the political dirt that his party had kicked up in that city. As Deputy Commissioner of Chittagong, I had the misfortune to watch his final day in Chittagong, and experience personally the trauma of a mayhem that began with his assassination, and ended with the killing of Maj. Gen. Manzoor, the alleged leader of the assassins. The events were particularly more agonising for me as I had come to know the two victims personally since the formative days of Bangladesh, and had the opportunity of knowing them more through work.
Contents
Volume I - A Retrospect
* In the Home of my Parents
* Years of Study and Suffering in Vienna
* Political Reflections Arising out of my Sojourn in Vienna
* Munich
* The World War
* War Propaganda
* The Revolution
* The Beginning of My Political Activities
* The German Labor Party
* Why the second Reich Collapsed
* Race and People
* The First Stage in the Development of The German National Socialist labor Party
Volume II - The National Socialist Movement
* Weltanschauung and Party
* The State
* Citizens and Subjects of the state
* Personality and the Ideal of the People's State
* Weltanschauung and Organization
* The First Period of Our Struggle
* The Conflict with the Red Struggle
* The Conflict with the Red Forces
* The Strong is Strongest When Alone
* Fundamental Ideas Regarding the Nature and Organization of the Storm Troops
* The Mask of Federalism
* Propaganda and Organization
* The Problem of the Trade Unions
* The German Post-War Policy of Alliances
* Germany's Policy in Eastern Europe
* The Right to Self-Defense
A Complete Biography of Abraham Lincoln is a grappling account of the various stands that Lincoln took during his tenure as the sixteenth American President, lingering upon the circumstances that arose during the Civil War. Beginning with Abraham Lincoln’s early life in Kentucky and Illinois, A Complete Biography of Abraham Lincoln traces the various paths that his life took, right up until his death. Lincoln was living in near poverty, and the transformation from destitution to power and fame is admirable. The book provides interesting glimpses of the diplomacy and weaknesses of this great man. An important feature of this book is that it starts well before the Civil War, leading up to it in a precise and lucid manner, which clearly shows all the reasons that actually caused the war in the first place. The book does well to highlight the humane and compassionate nature of Lincoln, explaining the way he brought forth the Emancipation Proclamation, which laid the foundation for the Thirteenth Amendment, ultimately abolishing slavery. The role Lincoln played in saving the Union, and the reasons for a number of his actions until his untimely and catastrophic assassination are provided in diligent detail. A Complete Biography of Abraham Lincoln does a masterful job of portraying Lincoln’s life as a leader and one of the best presidents America has had. At the same time, it also highlights the bureaucratic troubles that occur within the four walls of any government, and how even Lincoln was sometimes prey to them.
তা সে যাই হােক, সায়েবের সঙ্গে আলাপচারি আরম্ভ হল। তাতে লাভও হল। সন্ধ্যা হতে না হতেই সে প্রকাণ্ড এক চুবড়ি খুলে বলল, তার ‘ফিয়াসে’ নাকি উৎকৃষ্ট ডিনার তৈরি করে সঙ্গে দিয়েছে এবং তাতে নাকি একটা পুরােদস্তুর পল্টন পােষা যায়। আমি আপত্তি জানিয়ে বললুম যে, আমিও কিছু সঙ্গে এনেছি, তবে সে নিতান্ত নেটিব বস্তু, হয়তাে বড় বেশি ঝাল। খানিকক্ষণ তর্কাতর্কির পর স্থির হল সবকিছু মিলিয়ে দিয়ে ব্রাদারলি ডিভিশন করে আ লা কার্ত ভােজন, যার যা খুশি খাবে।
It is a textbook, written in a compact manner. for the undergraduate and postgraduate students, giving the details of the latest information in the field of ENT diseases. Innumerable visuals, an added attraction of the book, would help the students in learning the subject with its clinical and other aspectS. The book would also be useful for the practitioners.
